It was renamed the 10th Infantry Division when the establishment of the Wehrmacht was announced publicly in October 1935.

In August 1944 the division was destroyed in the Jassy–Kishinev Offensive and ensuing defensive actions.

It was partially reconstituted in Germany in October, and sent back to the front as an understrength Kampfgruppe ("battlegroup").

The division finally surrendered to the Soviets in Czechoslovakia at the end of the war.

Elements of the division took part in atrocities against the civilian population during the invasion of Poland.