[2] The cartridge was adopted by Italy in 1933 with the Breda-SAFAT and Scotti–Isotta Fraschini Modello 1933 machine guns, which armed most of the aircraft of the Regia Aeronautica from the Ethiopian War to the Second World War.

The cartridge remained in production until the 1970s, when the last Breda-SAFAT machine guns, that were in service until the 1970s as reserve weapons of the Italian Air Force, were decommissioned.

[citation needed] As aircraft of the Corpo Truppe Volontarie and the Fiat CR.32 fighters supplied to the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War were armed with the Breda-SAFAT, the cartridge was produced in Spain by "Pirotécnica" of Seville.

[citation needed] Hungary also produced the Reggiane Re.2000 under license which was armed with the Gebauer 1940.M GKM machine gun, which used the cartridge.

[citation needed] In 1941 Type 1 machine gun variants (Ho-103 in fixed mounts and Ho-104 in flexible mounts) were introduced by Japan as aircraft-mounted heavy machine guns using the cartridge.