The regiment is part of the Italian Army's infantry corps' Bersaglieri speciality and was last operationally assigned to the Mechanized Brigade "Aosta".

[2][3] During World War II the regiment was assigned to the 133rd Armored Division "Littorio", with which it participated in the Western Desert campaign.

The same year the battalion lost its autonomy and entered the reformed 12th Bersaglieri Regiment.

In 1861 the battalions joined the Royal Italian Army and were assigned to the newly formed Bersaglieri regiments, which at the time had only administrative functions.

In 1895-96 the regiment provided eleven officers and 379 troops to help form the I, III, V, and VI provisional battalions, which were deployed to Eritrea for the First Italo-Ethiopian War.

By 4 June the Italian units were exhausted and the sent to the rear, with the two battalions having lost 14 officers and 344 troops.

On 14 August 1915 the 12 Bersaglieri Regiment with the XXI and XXXVI battalions, was ordered to take the Monte Sleme, and again after four days the attack against the entrenched Austro-Hungarian troops failed.

[2][3][6][7] In June 1918 the 12th Bersaglieri Regiment was deployed on Pizzo Razzea in the Val Frenzela during the Second Battle of the Piave River.

The battalion remained an autonomous unit throughout the war and was disbanded on 18 November 1917 after the Italian defeat in the Battle of Caporetto and its personnel used to bring the 19th Bersaglieri Regiment back up to full strength.

Between 15 June and 15 July 1918, the XXIII Assault Unit distinguished itself during the Second Battle of the Piave River at Capo Sile and Cà del Bosco, for which the unit was awarded a Gold Medal of Military Valor.

On 7 September 1939 the regiment was reorganized as a motorcyclists unit and consisted now of the following units:[2][3][9] In October 1939 the Complement Officers Cadets Battalion left the regiment and became the Bersaglieri Officers Cadets School.

On 1 August 1941 the regiment was reorganized as a North-African-type regiment, and consisted afterwards of the following units:[2][3][9] In January 1942 the 133rd Armored Division "Littorio" was transferred to Libya to reinforce the German-Italian Panzer Group Africa, which was fighting in the Western Desert campaign against the British Eighth Army.

Due to British air and naval attacks originating in Malta the transfer of the division took months and was accompanied by severe losses of men and equipment.

[10] On 24 January 1942, the troopship carrying the regiment's XXXVI Battalion was torpedoed and sunk by a British Fairey Albacore aircraft of 826 Squadron, Fleet Air Arm.

[10] The entire division participated then in the Battle of Mersa Matruh, and afterwards pursued the British Eighth Army to El Alamein.

During the First Battle of El Alamein battalions of the 133rd Armored Division "Littorio" were heavily engaged.

The traditions of the latter included the Gold Medal of Military Valor, which the XXIII Assault Unit had earned during the Second Battle of the Piave River.

[2][3] After the end of the Cold War the Italian Army began to draw down its forces and on 1 April 1991 the 32nd Armored Brigade "Mameli" was disbanded.

The same day the 23rd Bersaglieri Battalion "Castel di Borgo" was transferred to the 132nd Armored Brigade "Ariete".

On 31 March 1992 the battalion moved from Tauriano to Trapani in Sicily, where it joined the Mechanized Brigade "Aosta".