The 131st Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

The 131st Illinois Infantry was organized at Old Fort Massac, Illinois, and mustered into Federal service on November 13, 1862, for a three-year enlistment.

The regiment was consolidated with the 29th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment on November 15, 1863.

1 enlisted man killed, 11 officers and 282 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 294 fatalities.

This article about a specific military unit of the American Civil War is a stub.