14th century

It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire.

In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives – wiping out one third of the European population[3] – while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of King Charles IV of France led to a claim to the French throne by King Edward III of England.

This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and the Ottoman Empire.

[citation needed] Scholars estimate that Timur's military campaigns caused the deaths of 17 million people, amounting to about 5% of the world population at the time.

[4] The Mongol court was driven out of China and retreated to Mongolia, the Ilkhanate collapsed, the Chaghatayid dissolved and broke into two parts, and the Golden Horde lost its position as a great power in Eastern Europe.

Tamerlane the Conqueror , the founder of the Timurid Empire .
Mansa Musa I of Mali , described as the wealthiest individual in history [ 5 ] [ 6 ]
Europe in 1328
The successor states of the Mongol Empire in 1335: the Ilkhanate , Golden Horde , Yuan dynasty and Chagatai Khanate .
Burying coffins of Black Death victims in Tournai .
This 14th-century statue from Tamil Nadu , present day India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). It is housed in the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
The Portuguese interregnum , Battle of Aljubarrota between the Portuguese and Castilians in 1385 .
Timur defeats the Sultan of Delhi , Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah Tughluq , in the winter of 1397–1398, painting dated 1595–1600.