1789 in Canada

Wilberforce on slave trade's effects in Africa and on Middle Passage with its 12.5% death rate, plus 4.5% rate from Caribbean seasoning[6] Lord High Chancellor tells Secretary of State that colonies should get civil liberty without political liberty, which leads to independence[7] Pre-industrial status of U.S.A. makes it dependent on British goods; such status will continue while so many seek agricultural work and wealth[8] Letter-to-the-editor points out suffering of poor people when they can't afford price of flour in Montreal and upper Canada[9] Bibliographer concludes state of literature and sale of books are very low in Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick[10] Profile of Quebec's constitution, population, laws, "circulating property," land tenure, agriculture, science, commerce and import/export[11] Lengthy petition to Gov.

Gen. Lord Dorchester with scores of signatures calls for preservation of Quebec Act and Canadian laws[12] Council suggests setting up free school in each parish (teaching "reading, writing, and cyphering"), county schools and "a collegiate institution"[13] Provision made for four remaining Jesuits in Canada and transfer of Jesuit property to Canadian citizens (Note: "savages" used)[14] Warning against "False Copper Coin;" supply entering province in tubs of butter with false bottoms; refuse any copper coin over 1 shilling[15] "Mercatorius Honestus" lays out business rules under which "Trade will flourish[...], Bankruptcy [and] Confusion will cease, and honesty [return]"[16] Government circulates plan for new agricultural society to raise grain quality and prevent "scarcity[...]this country unfortunately feels at present"[17] New bridge over Saint-Charles River is 700 ft. long, has two lanes plus walkways, and will begin replacement of Canada's inconvenient ferries[18] Bishop of Nova Scotia's sermon in Trois-Rivières attended by Protestants, Catholics and Jews; 100 loaves of bread distributed to poor[19] For sale: "Pawney Boy," about 17, "an excellent servant to attend table;" 9 years with current owner, who "has now no further use for him"[20] "For Sale, a Stout, Healthy Mulatto Girl, 26 years of age, or thereabouts"[21] "Quebec plan" to transport Newgate convicts to Canada instead of Botany Bay follows unspecified "unhappy fate" of transported Irish[22] Masons (in Quebec City?)

Gen. Lord Dorchester that expenditures of Indian Department are too high and "abuses" by staff need investigation[26] Dorchester seeks "comfort of the Indians" in ending disputes among Six Nations leaders and evicting whites at Grand River[27] Council committee has ways to regularize shipping on Great Lakes "to establish the Empire of the British Flag upon the Fresh water Oceans"[28] Provincial agriculture society to be set up especially to support knowledge of land improvement, cultivation, seeds, orchards and cattle[29] Students in both Latin and English divisions do well in examinations at King's Collegiate School (referred to as "academy" and "seminary")[30] King's College of Nova Scotia to be founded and maintained by province with annual subsidy plus fund to purchase house or grounds in Windsor[31] "Wants a place, a Negro Woman, who can cook and do all kinds of Household Work, and be well recommended for Honesty and Sobriety"[32] Halifax man seeks missing Black apprentice Hannah Thompson, who "chews Tobacco like a Man" and has legs "very much scalded" years ago[33] Falmouth man seeks "Negro Woman Slave, named Philis, but calls herself Betty," age 37, and Irish servant John McNeal; reward of $8 for each[34] Overseers of the Poor call for contractors to supply Halifax Poor House with 50 cords of wood and "Fresh Beef, soft Bread, and single Spruce Beer"[35] Churchwardens thank "the Managers of the Navy and Army Theatre" for £20 donated for "the distressed and indigent at this inclement Season"[36] Digby minister: "[T]he greater part of people seem to consider attendance on divine worship[...]as left intirely to their own choice and humour"[37] Halifax druggist has "a General fresh assortment of Medicines [including] Camphire and Saffron; Sago Powder [and] Essence of Peppermint"[38] Courts may, instead of burning convicted felon "in the brawn of the left thumb," impose fine or whipping, plus imprisonment[39] U.S. cornmeal is being imported because their wheat gets subsidy in France; N.B.

mills at standstill though they lower price of meal about one third[40] Praise for production of two comedies "by a company of Gentlemen[...]with great life and humour" in province's "first dramatic exhibition"[41] Winter amusement in Fredericton includes sleighing, dancing, rope dancers and man "dancing on a wire"[42] Proprietors seek exemption from British law to allow them to bring settlers from U.S.A. to make Island "of that Importance of which it is capable"[43] Bishop of Nova Scotia surprised Charlottetown vestry has not built church; they "lament" not attending to "regular exercise of religious duties"[44] Suggestion (following Pacific coast exploration summary) that Hudson's Bay Company fur be shipped to Asia by East India Co. (Note: "savages" used)[45] John Meares relates capture of his trading company's crew and ship by Spanish navy in Nootka Sound[46] In Paris, "the murmurings and discontents of the people increase daily [and] divisions [grow] more alarming and violent"[47] Towns tell deputies sent to Estates-General in Paris to propose various principles, "and it appears[...]English Constitution is taken as a basis"[48] "Here [in Paris] it is astonishing to see the fermentation which reigns among the minds of people of all ranks, professions, and denominations"[49] "In the national assembly, the debates continue to be carried on with increasing violence, and bid defiance to monarchy"[50] "A National Revolution" - Bastille taken, its governor executed, Queen in flight, King detained, British ambassador threatened, etc.

[51] Drafting declaration of rights presented to National Assembly was difficult, given how "vicious" previous French government was[52] "Wonderful" revolution is talk of Europe and influencing affairs in neighbouring countries; Britain "is minding her own business"[53] Edmund Burke hears "there are considerable emigrations from France," even to "the frozen regions, and under the British despotism, of Canada"[54] Notice: 2,500+ "chaldrons" of coal for sale at Spanish River, Cape Breton, with payment taken in flour, bread, pork, rum, molasses, sugar etc.