18650 battery

[3] The battery comes in many nominal voltages depending on the specific chemistry used.

[citation needed] By 2023, some sodium-ion variants were available in the 18mm x 65 mm cylindrical cell form factor as well.

[8][better source needed] In 2024, a potassium-ion variant was unveiled in the 18650 format that utilizes a proprietary 4V Potassium Prussian White cathode and a commercially available graphite anode.

BMS boards balance the voltage of cells in series and protect against over- and under-discharge.

[10] 18650/1865 cells are used in many laptop computer batteries, cordless power tools, many electric cars, electric scooters,[11] most e-bikes, older portable powerbanks, electronic cigarettes,[12][13] portable fans, and LED flashlights.

A generic BMS for 4 series lithium-ion cells ('4s BMS')