The 1904 Douliu earthquake (Chinese: 1904年斗六地震; pinyin: 1904 nián Dǒuliù dìzhèn) struck central Taiwan with a magnitude of 6.1 at 04:25 on November 6.

The quake caused widespread damage and killed 145 people, making it the fifth deadliest earthquake of the 20th century in Taiwan.

Despite the relatively light magnitude, the shallow depth of the temblor (7 km) coupled with the fact that it struck in a populated area meant that casualties were heavier than might be expected.

The quake was felt throughout the island, and Japanese officials recorded sandblasting and soil liquefaction at several sites in the affected area.

The worst affected area was Shinkō subprefecture (新港支廳) (Xingang, Chiayi), where 85 of the deaths occurred.