The elections were noteworthy for their rowdiness and elements of political opposition.
Kulaks, Tolstoyans, and Baptists also were active in illicit anti-Communist electoral campaigning.
Peasants demanded the creation of "peasant unions" on an equal footing with urban trade unions, and urban workers complained that Communist officials had become a new privileged class.
Ethnic strife and the Soviet government's financial support of Comintern were also issues raised against the official candidates.
However, in the actual elections the communist candidates won a large majority and the opposition forces did not make any headway.