[1] Following league reconstruction, the top tier was expanded from 16 to 18 teams with Airdrieonians and Dunfermline Athletic being promoted.

The second tier was expanded from 16 to 19 teams with Berwick Rangers, Dumbarton, East Stirlingshire, Montrose and Stranraer joining the league from the third tier.

[1] The leagues were rebranded at the start of season 1955–56.

[1] Division C was disbanded, with most of its members, which were reserve teams, moving to a separate Scottish (Reserve) League).

[2][3] Champions: Rangers Relegated: Clyde, Stirling Albion Promoted: Queen's Park, Ayr United * - aggregate over two legs† - replay 1956 British Home Championship - Joint winners with  England,  Northern Ireland and  Wales Key: