The 1955 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in outdoor track and field for the United States.

The men's edition was held at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado, and it took place 24–25 June.

The women's meet was held separately at Blaine Stadium in Ponca City, Oklahoma, on 17-18 June.

Despite inclement weather, 14,500 fans attended the final day of men's competition.

[1] Because the athletics at the 1955 Pan American Games were so early in the season, marks from the 1955 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships were used to select the women's team for this event.