The 1970 Torneo Descentralizado was the 54th season of the highest division of Peruvian football.
Atlético Torino and Deportivo SIMA made their debut in the first division this season.
The national champion was Sporting Cristal while Deportivo SIMA and Atlético Grau were relegated.
The teams that finished in first to seventh place advanced to the championship group which contested the national title.
The teams that finished in eighth to fourteenth place advanced to the relegation group where they determined the two teams that would be relegated from the division.