The 1st Battalion of California Veteran Infantry was a California volunteer infantry battalion in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

It spent its entire term of service in the western United States.

This battalion was organized at Franklin, Texas, under the command of Major Joseph Smith, (formerly of 5th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry) between November and December 1864, by consolidating the veterans of the 1st Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, into two companies, which became Companies A and B, and consolidating the companies of the 5th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry into five companies, which became Companies C, D, E, F, and G, of the battalion.

The same order directed Colonel Rigg (formerly of the 1st California Infantry) to assume command with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, with headquarters at Fort Craig.

[1] When this battalion was mustered out, the officers and men who wished to be mustered out in California were consolidated into a company, under Captain William F. French, First Lieutenant Robert Edmiston, and Second Lieutenant William Oman and marched to the Presidio, San Francisco, where they arrived December 28, and were "discharged at San Francisco, December 31, 1866, by final muster out of the regiment.