The 2001 Torneo Descentralizado, was the 85th season of the top category of Peruvian football (soccer).
The winners of each tournament played for the national title in a two-legged final.
Should the same team have won both tournaments, they would have been automatic champions.
Qualification to CONMEBOL's Copa Libertadores was won by each tournament winner and the winner of a play-off between the teams that placed second in each tournament.
The bottom team on the aggregate table was relegated, while the eleventh placed team played a relegation/promotion play-off against the winner of the Segunda División (Second Division).