The 2005–06 Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball team represented the University of Iowa as members of the Big Ten Conference during the 2005–06 NCAA Division I men's basketball season.

The team was led by seventh-year head coach Steve Alford and played their home games at Carver–Hawkeye Arena.

The Hawkeyes won the Big Ten tournament to receive an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament as #3 seed in the Atlanta Regional.

The season ended in disappointment with an opening round loss at the buzzer to #14 seed Northwestern State, 64–63.

*AP does not release post-NCAA Tournament rankings