Jharkhand was created by carving out the southern districts of Bihar on 15 November 2000.

[2] Shibu Soren of Congress-JMM alliance was invited to form the government, sparking controversy, but resigned nine days later, on 11 March, following his failure to obtain a vote of confidence in the assembly.

In September 2006, Madhu Koda and three other independent legislators withdrew support to the Munda government, bringing it into the minority and led to resignation of Munda.

[3] The United Progressive Alliance, with support of Goans Party, Forward bloc and 3 independents, decided on Madhu Koda as consensus candidate who was sworn in on 14 September 2006, becoming third independent CM in the country.

[4] On 17 August 2008, JMM withdrew support from the Koda government.