It has three police sub-divisions: Garhwa, Shree Banshidhar Nagar and Ranka, with 18 police stations in Bhandaria, Ramkanda, Chinia, Dandai, Danda, Kandi, Bardiha, Ketar, Kharaundhi, Bhawnathpur, Dhurki, Ramna, Bishunpura, Garhwa, Manjhiaon Garhwa, Meral, Shree Banshidhar Nagar and Ranka.

The district is connected to Rewa in Madhya Pradesh and Ranchi in Jharkhand by National Highway No.

According to the 2011 census, Garhwa district has a population of 1,322,784, roughly equal to the nation of Mauritius[6] or the US state of New Hampshire.

The district has a population density of 327 inhabitants per square kilometre (850/sq mi).

Garhwa has a sex ratio of 933 females for every 1,000 males, and a literacy rate of 60.33%.

Both are part of Palamu Lok Sabha constituency, whose MP is Vishnu Dayal Ram from the BJP.