The 2006 Brownlow Medal was the 79th year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Australian Football League (AFL) home and away season.

[1] Adam Goodes of the Sydney Swans won the medal by polling twenty-six votes during the 2006 AFL season.

[3] * The player was ineligible to win the medal due to suspension by the AFL Tribunal during the year.

The votes are kept secret until the awards night, and they are read and tallied on the evening.

[4] As the medal is awarded to the fairest and best player in the league, those who have been suspended during the season by the AFL Tribunal (or, who avoided suspension only because of a discount for a good record or an early guilty plea) are ineligible to win the award; however, they may still continue to poll votes.