A wide range of people carried the torch around the country, mostly sports men and women, military figures and other local heroes from towns and cities across the UK.
A number of celebrities also held the flame on its journey, including Matt Smith, Patrick Stewart, Jamie Oliver, Joanna Lumley and Jennifer Saunders (jointly), Rupert Grint, James McAvoy, Melanie C from Spice Girls, boy band The Wanted, dance troupe and Britain's Got Talent winners Diversity and Sir Bruce Forsyth.
[8] On 16 May a British Airways Airbus A319, with custom gold livery and named "The Firefly", flew from Heathrow to Athens to collect the flame.
[13][14] After an overnight stay at RNAS Culdrose, members of 771 Naval Air Squadron took the Flame to Land's End by Sea King helicopter.
Their design of the 2012 Olympic Torches was made of two aluminium alloy skin, perforated by 8,000 holes to represent the 8,000 torchbearers who would carry the flame.
Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) was used to simulate various scenarios that the torch might encounter during the relay, from environmental conditions to physical damage.
Torch bearer safety was of prime importance at all times, so TECOSIM completed rigorous physical testing to validate the design.
It was tested to withstand all likely weather conditions, from high winds to rain and snow at altitude utilizing the BMW Climatic Windtunnel in Munich as well as in field-testing.
LOCOG, together with sustainability partner and sponsor EDF Energy, committed in 2009 to provide a "low-carbon fuel solution for the flames of the Olympic torch and the cauldron".
[17] When the torch was unveiled on 8 June 2011, London 2012's chairman Sebastian Coe admitted the failure of the initiative, as "In simple terms, we didn't quite get there ... We just ran [out] of time and we tried very hard to do it".
As the relay reached London, the numbers of people turning out were still more exceptional, with much of Oxford Street featuring crowds 13-deep on both sides (on Day 69).
These "runners" formed part of a wider torch security team which consisted of motorcyclists, pedal cyclists, senior officers and operational planners.
Near Land's End, one man broke past the pace car but was swiftly tackled to the ground by the Torch Security Team, as he was thought to be trying to reach the torchbearer.
[25] On 25 June UK Uncut staged protests against changes to the National Health Service as the torch travelled past the Royal Hallamshire Hospital in Sheffield.
[49] The torch was transported on three wheels by a TT motorcycle sidecar on the Isle of Man,[47] by a Paralympic road cycle around Brands Hatch motor racing circuit[50] and by mountain bike at the Hadleigh Farm course in Essex.
[34] Journeys by air were taken when the torch travelled by zip wire from the top of the Tyne Bridge to the Gateshead riverside[needs update],[52] and when conveyed by cable car up the Heights of Abraham.
Steve Redgrave received the flame from young footballer Jade Bailey,[58][59] the torchbearer on the boat, and carried it into the Olympic Stadium.
Legend | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | |||||
1. | Land's End | Day 1, | Sat | 19 | May |
2. | Plymouth | Day 1, | Sat | 19 | May |
3. | Exeter | Day 2, | Sun | 20 | May |
4. | Taunton | Day 3, | Mon | 21 | May |
5. | Bristol | Day 4, | Tue | 22 | May |
6. | Cheltenham | Day 5, | Wed | 23 | May |
7. | Worcester | Day 6, | Thu | 24 | May |
8. | Malvern, Worcestershire | Day 7, | Fri | 25 | May |
Wales | |||||
9. | Cardiff | Day 7, | Fri | 25 | May |
10. | Swansea | Day 8, | Sat | 26 | May |
11. | Aberystwyth | Day 9, | Sun | 27 | May |
12. | Bangor, Gwynedd | Day 10, | Mon | 28 | May |
England | |||||
13. | Chester | Day 11, | Tue | 29 | May |
14. | Stoke-on-Trent | Day 12, | Wed | 30 | May |
15. | Bolton | Day 13, | Thu | 31 | May |
16. | Liverpool | Day 14, | Fri | 1 | June |
Crown Dependency | |||||
17. | Isle of Man | Day 15, | Sat | 2 | June |
Northern Ireland | |||||
18. | Portrush | Day 16, | Sun | 3 | June |
19. | Derry | Day 17, | Mon | 4 | June |
20. | Newry | Day 18, | Tue | 5 | June |
Republic of Ireland | |||||
21. | Dublin | Day 19, | Wed | 6 | June |
Northern Ireland | |||||
22. | Belfast | Day 19, | Wed | 6 | June |
Scotland | |||||
23. | Glasgow | Day 21, | Fri | 8 | June |
24. | Inverness | Day 22, | Sat | 9 | June |
25. | Orkney | Day 23, | Sun | 10 | June |
26. | Shetland | Day 23, | Sun | 10 | June |
27. | Isle of Lewis | Day 24, | Mon | 11 | June |
28. | Aberdeen | Day 24, | Mon | 11 | June |
29. | Dundee | Day 25, | Tue | 12 | June |
30. | Edinburgh | Day 26, | Wed | 13 | June |
England | |||||
31. | Alnwick | Day 27, | Thu | 14 | June |
32. | Newcastle upon Tyne | Day 28, | Fri | 15 | June |
33. | Durham, England | Day 29, | Sat | 16 | June |
34. | Middlesbrough | Day 30, | Sun | 17 | June |
35. | Kingston-upon-Hull | Day 31, | Mon | 18 | June |
36. | York | Day 32, | Tue | 19 | June |
37. | Carlisle, Cumbria | Day 33, | Wed | 20 | June |
38. | Bowness-on-Windermere | Day 34, | Thu | 21 | June |
39. | Blackpool | Day 35, | Fri | 22 | June |
40. | Manchester | Day 36, | Sat | 23 | June |
41. | Leeds | Day 37, | Sun | 24 | June |
42. | Sheffield | Day 38, | Mon | 25 | June |
43. | Cleethorpes | Day 39, | Tue | 26 | June |
44. | Lincoln, England | Day 40, | Wed | 27 | June |
45. | Nottingham | Day 41, | Thu | 28 | June |
46. | Derby | Day 42, | Fri | 29 | June |
47. | Birmingham | Day 43, | Sat | 30 | June |
48. | Coventry | Day 44, | Sun | 1 | July |
49. | Leicester | Day 45, | Mon | 2 | July |
50. | Peterborough | Day 46, | Tue | 3 | July |
51. | Norwich | Day 47, | Wed | 4 | July |
52. | Ipswich | Day 48, | Thu | 5 | July |
53. | Chelmsford | Day 49, | Fri | 6 | July |
54. | Cambridge | Day 50, | Sat | 7 | July |
55. | Luton | Day 51, | Sun | 8 | July |
56. | Oxford | Day 52, | Mon | 9 | July |
57. | Reading, Berkshire | Day 53, | Tue | 10 | July |
58. | Basingstoke | Day 54, | Wed | 11 | July |
59. | Winchester | Day 54, | Wed | 11 | July |
60. | Salisbury | Day 54, | Wed | 11 | July |
61. | Weymouth and Portland | Day 55, | Thu | 12 | July |
62. | Bournemouth | Day 56, | Fri | 13 | July |
63. | Southampton | Day 57, | Sat | 14 | July |
Crown Dependencies | |||||
64. | Guernsey | Day 58, | Sun | 15 | July |
65. | Jersey | Day 58, | Sun | 15 | July |
England | |||||
66. | Portsmouth | Day 58, | Sun | 15 | July |
67. | Brighton and Hove | Day 59, | Mon | 16 | July |
68. | Hastings | Day 60, | Tue | 17 | July |
69. | Dover | Day 61, | Wed | 18 | July |
70. | Maidstone | Day 62, | Thu | 19 | July |
71. | Guildford | Day 63, | Fri | 20 | July |
72. | Waltham Forest | Day 64, | Sat | 21 | July |
73. | Bexley | Day 65, | Sun | 22 | July |
74. | Wandsworth | Day 66, | Mon | 23 | July |
75. | Ealing | Day 67, | Tue | 24 | July |
76. | Haringey | Day 68, | Wed | 25 | July |
77. | Westminster | Day 69, | Thu | 26 | July |
78. | Olympic Stadium | Day 70, | Fri | 27 | July |