It ran from October 2016 to March 2017, with 16 provincial teams taking part.
Western Province won the tournament, claiming their fourth T20 title and third in three seasons.
The winner of the Top 6 group was crowned Champions.
The tournament ran concurrently with the 2016–17 CSA Women's Provincial League, with matches played either the day before or day after the corresponding encounter between two teams in the one-day tournament.
To maintain this link for the following season, promotion and relegation in the Provincial T20 Competition was determined by standings in the Provincial League.