Daniil Medvedev defeated Holger Rune in the final, 7–5, 7–5 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2023 Italian Open.

Before 2023, Medvedev had never won a match at the Italian Open in three previous appearances.

[1] Novak Djokovic was the defending champion, but lost to Rune in the quarterfinals.

By playing his second-round match, Carlos Alcaraz reclaimed the ATP No.

§ The player did not qualify for the main draw in 2022, but is defending points from an ATP Challenger Tour event (Heilbronn).