31st Cavalry Regiment (United States)

Alabama's "E Troop" is in no way lineal descended from Mississippi's 98th Cavalry, but is more akin to a prodigal brother, who after an absence of about 14 years had resumed the 31st's reconnaissance mission after the 1968 demise of the 31st Infantry Division, and the 1974 creation of the 31st Brigade.

It additionally states that prior to that, the Alabama-Mississippi National Guard was reorganized in 1946, and the Jackson, Mississippi based "31st Cavalry Recon Troop" was activated as a part of the "Dixie Division" on 26 February 1947.

According to the 31st Division in World War II Year Book, the 31st Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop was formed on 26 February 1942 from the officers of Headquarters Company of the 61st Infantry Brigade, and from men from across the 31st Division's various regiments (including the Alabama 167th Infantry and 117th Field Artillery) who had been training in reconnaissance as a "special duty" assignment since early in 1941.

These are the same unit, with era modified designations, and are the direct lineal forebears of the modern "E-Troop, 31st Cavalry."

The men, horses and equipment of the 1st Alabama Cavalry Regiment was divided into the 117th Field Artillery, the 106th Trench Mortar Battery, and the 118th Machine Gun Battalion.

In a 1949 publication of the 31st Division World War II history, the 117th Field Artillery claims to have begun its existence as the 1st Alabama Cavalry that was organized in 1916.

The 106th Trench Mortar Battery was organized in September 1917 at Camp Wheeler, Georgia as component of 31st Division (56th Field Artillery Brigade) (formed from troops, 1st Cavalry, AL NG).

Prior to this incarnation, the Montgomery Mounted Rifles had once been a part of the First Alabama Cavalry during the American Civil War in the 1860s.

With World War I looming overseas, the "First Alabama Cavalry" had been formed as a result of the "National Defense Act of 1916", and its troops were spread throughout the state.

Immediately after its formation, the regiment was assigned to the Alabama Brigade, and sent westward to New Mexico to participate in the Mexican Punitive Expedition against Poncho Villa.

Prior to the Civil War period, the cavalry was formed as Independent Company's, that referred to themselves as "Alabama Mounted Volunteers."

Each company consisted of not less than forty privates and was commanded by a captain, followed by a lieutenant and an ensign, four sergeants, four corporals and two musicians.

According to the Alabama Military Register, The first commander of the 1st Regiment of Alabama Militia was Colonel Louis Kirby, who received his commission on 28 March 1821, and the 1st Regiment's cavalry troop commander was Captain John Hampton, who received his commission on 24 July 1821.

The US campaign was in retaliation for the 1813 "Red Stick" Creek Indian attack that killed over 400 settlers at Fort Mims just north of Mobile, Alabama.

1846–48 – Reorganized as a regiment of independent companies of Alabama Mounted Volunteers for service in the War with Mexico, including: the "Bouge Chitto Dragoons" on 1 March 1848; the "Catoma Light Horse of Montgomery Co." on 4 March 1848 ; the "Lowndesboro Cavalry" in 1848; the "Montgomery Dragoons" in 1848.

During the Mexican–American War, the Alabama Mounted Volunteers served first on the Rio Grande, and subsequently with General Winfield Scott's forces at Veracruz, Alvarado, Tampico, and Jalapa.

[citation needed] 1862–65 – Concurrently also reorganized 1st Alabama Cavalry (USV) formed in 1862 in Huntsville, AL – While the vast majority of personnel came from Winston County, the 1st Ala Cav.

And Major General John A. Logan, commanding the 15th Army Corps in Sherman's forces, praised the troopers as "the best scouts I ever saw."

On 20 October 1865 the Regiment mustered out in Huntsville, AL. 1865–74 – Disbanded during the Post Civil War Reconstruction era.

Organized at Camp Wheeler, GA as component of 31st Division (56th FA Brigade) (formed from troop, 1st Cavalry, AL NG).

It was formed out equal numbers of men from the division's four Infantry regiments and engineers, ... the 31st Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop was reincarnated under its current name.

Overseas, the Troop seldom worked as a unit, but attached elements to the regimental combat teams for all operations in which the division participated.

Combat Team (with a platoon of the 31st Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop) left Oro Bay and landed at Aitape, New Guinea, 3–6 July 1944.

The combat team moved up to advanced positions and took part in the general offensive launched 13 July, running into bloody fighting along the Drinumor River.

In mid-August the division began to stage for the Morotai operation, leaving Aitape and Maffin Bay, 11 September 1944.

Moving up the Sayre Highway and driving down the trail, the 31st forced the enemy to withdraw into the interior and blocked off other Japanese in the Davao Region.

With the surrender of General Tomoyuki Yamashita's Japanese forces on the Philippine Island of Mindanao, and the end of hostilities on 15 August 1945, the 31st Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop continued long range reconnaissance patrols into the hills of the Philippine's to contact and accept the surrender of various scattered detachments of the Imperial Japanese Army.

In 1946, the Alabama and Mississippi National Guards were reorganized, and the Jackson, Mississippi-based "31st Cavalry Recon Troop" was assigned as a part of the 31st "Dixie Division."

16 January 1951 – Activated for Korean War service, and deployed to Camp Atterbury, Indiana, as "Training Troops.