The 339th Infantry Division was a German military unit which fought during World War II.

The 339th Infantry Division was created in December 1940 as an infantry division of the 14th Aufstellungswelle in military district IX in Thuringia.

After Operation Barbarossa, the 339th ID was deployed in August 1941 in the rear area of Army Group Center near Vitebsk and Bobruisk in Belarus.

In Summer 1943, the Division fought in the Battle of Kursk, still as part of the 2nd Panzer Army, under the LV Army Corps.

On 2 November 1943, after suffering heavy losses in the Battle of the Dnieper, the remnants of the 339th ID formed Divisions-Gruppe 339 and was combined with the remains of other divisions to form Korps-Abteilung C. The 339th ID itself was disbanded.