The regiment was formed on 12 April 1943 at Papakura Military Camp and consisted of 49, 50 and 52 Batteries.

The regiment departed New Zealand in eight different ships between May and July and continued training in New Caledonia.

From April 1944, 38th Field Regiment began to have men transferred to other units or returned home to work in essential industries due to a manpower shortage.

The regiment had been reduced to 48 men by August and the entire 3rd Division was formally disbanded in October 1944.

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