The regiment is based in Remanzacco in Friuli-Venezia Giulia and assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Julia".

The regiment is the highest decorated artillery unit of the Italian Army, having been awarded two Gold Medals of Military Valor in World War II: the first for the regiment's conduct during the Greco-Italian War, and the second for its service with the Italian Army in Russia.

[11] The 1st Mountain Brigade was based in Vicenza and its eight batteries were equipped with the 7 BR Ret.

[1][8][9] Like the infantry's Alpini battalions, the mountain artillery brigades recruited from the military districts located in the Alps.

[8][9] At the outbreak of World War I the regiment formed the 55th, 57th, and 58th batteries and entered the war with the organization depicted in the following table:[8][9][12][13][14] Note 2: The "Udine" group's 56th Mountain Artillery Battery was not raised until November 1916 for lack of available 65/17 mod.

[8][9] The Mountain Artillery Group "Udine" was deployed in 1915 at Tolmin and fought for control of the hills of Bučenica and Mengore.

In 1917 the group fought at Kostanjevica na Krasu and then on the Banjšice plateau, before being sent to Monte Tomba.

In 1917 the group was once more on the Pečinka and Veliki Hribach, before being sent to fight on the Monte Vodice and the Banjšice plateau.

[8][9] The Mountain Artillery Group "Belluno" was in 1915-16 deployed at the Tre Cime di Lavaredo, on Monte Piana, in the Sexten valley, and at the Kreuzberg Pass.

[8][16] In October 1940 the 39th Battery of the Group "Valle Isonzo" was disbanded and the same month the 3rd Alpine Division "Julia" was transferred to Albania to shore up the crumbling Italian front during the Greco-Italian War.

The division entered combat on 28 October 1940 in the Battle of Pindus, where it suffered heavy casualties.

Four days later, on 14 November 1940, the division was back at the front and in constant combat with Greek Army units until 8 December.

On 8 January 1941 a Greek offensive in the Berat sector hit the Italian division hard.

On 28 February a new battle was fought in the Tepelenë sector and the division once more suffered heavy casualties.

In April 1941, following the German invasion of Greece, the Julia division was transferred to the area of the Corinth Canal and occupied the Peloponnese.

In preparation for the deployment to the Soviet Union the Alpine Artillery Group "Val Piave", with the 35th, 36th, and 39th batteries, was assigned in April 1942 to the regiment.

[8][16][20][21][22] On the evening of 17 January 1943, the Alpine Army Corps commander, General Gabriele Nasci, ordered a full retreat.

The 40,000-strong mass of stragglers — Alpini and Italians from other commands, plus German and Hungarians — followed the Tridentina division, which led the way westwards to the Axis lines.

By morning of 28 January the Julia had walked 200 km, fought 20 battles, and spent 11 nights camped out in the middle of the Russian Steppe.

The Julia suffered heavy losses in the breakout: less than a tenth of the division survived (approximately 1,200 survivors of 18,000 troops deployed).

On 1 February 1951 the 3rd Mountain Artillery Regiment was reformed in Udine and assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Julia".

The same day, 1 July 1951, the Mountain Artillery Group "Conegliano" was reformed in Udine and equipped with 100/17 mod.

[8][16][10] On 1 April 1952 the Mountain Artillery Group "Gemona" was formed in Tolmezzo and equipped with M30 107mm mortars.

In 1958 the Group "Udine" was equipped with Brandt AM-50 120mm mortars and the Light Aircraft Section was transferred to the brigade command.

On 15 October 1961 the regiment formed the Mountain Artillery Group "Osoppo" in Pontebba.

In 1968 the 3rd Mountain Artillery Regiment and the Group "Conegliano" moved from Udine to Gemona.

Afterwards the regiment consisted of the following units:[8][16][10][23][24] On 1 April 1970 all the mountain groups' mortar batteries were equipped with 105/14 mod.

On 30 September 1975 the 3rd Mountain Artillery Regiment was disbanded and the next day its remaining three groups became autonomous units and were assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Julia".

The Mountain Artillery Group "Conegliano" was based after the reorganization in Tolmezzo and consisted of the 13th, 14th, and 15th batteries with 105/14 mod.

56 pack howitzers and the 24th Light Anti-aircraft Battery with Stinger man-portable air-defense systems.