The 412 BC epidemic of an unknown disease, often identified as influenza,[1][2][3] was reported in Northern Greece by Hippocrates[4] and in Rome by Livy.
[citation needed] The disease outbreak caused a food shortage in the Roman Republic, and a famine was only prevented with food relief from Sicily and Etruria, and via trade missions to the "peoples round about who dwelt on the Tuscan sea or by the Tiber.
"[6] Hippocrates named a wide variety of symptoms, among them: fever, coughing, pain in head and neck, and emaciation.
The disease proved fatal most often among prepubescent children.
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