FLAP is necessary in synthesis of leukotriene, which are lipid mediators of inflammation that is involved in respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

[citation needed] FLAP structure consists of 4 transmembrane alpha helices, but they are found in trimer forming a barrel.

[8] Leukotrienes, which require the FLAP protein to be synthesized, have an established pathological role in allergic and respiratory diseases.

Animal and human genetic evidence suggests they may also have an important role in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke.

[9] The structure of FLAP provides a tool for the development of novel therapies for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and for the design of focused experiments to probe the cell biology of FLAP and its role in leukotriene biosynthesis.