On 5 October 1948 the 589th was redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 425th Quartermaster Battalion, allotted to the Organized Reserve Corps, and assigned to the Third Army and was activated 19 October 1948 at Tampa, Florida.

The unit was once again inactivated on 1 December 1950 at Tampa, Florida and then later redesigned 15 January 1952 as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 589th Quartermaster Battalion, withdrawn for the Organized Reserve Corps and allotted to the Regular Army.

On 6 July 2004 the unit was redesignated as the 589th Support Battalion and placed into the newly formed 4th Infantry Divisions Fires Brigade at Fort Hood, Texas as part of the Army's modular transformation.

The 589th Support Battalion deployed in 2005-2006 as part of the 4th Infantry Division's Fires Brigade where it operated out of Camp Liberty, Iraq, earning the Meritorious Unit Commendation in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.

On 11 January 2019, 589th BSB again joined the 41st Fires Brigade, this time in Grafenwöhr, Germany.