The 5th Infantry Division (Russian: 5-я пехотная дивизия, 5-ya Pekhotnaya Diviziya) was an infantry formation of the Russian Imperial Army that existed in various formations from 1806 until the end of World War I and the Russian Revolution.

When the war broke out in 1914 it was based in Zhytomyr and was part of the 9th Army Corps.

The division took part in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 and fought near Plovdiv.

It later served during World War I was demobilized around the time of the Russian Revolution and the subsequent unrest.

[1] The 5th Infantry Division was part of the 9th Army Corps as of 1914.