The primary mission of the 728th was at first the training of men for combat and maintaining alert status for the protection of war production industry in Detroit, Michigan.

On 28 October 1946, after the cessation of World War II hostilities, the 728th was awarded the Meritorious Unit Commendation for its valiant performance of duty during the period 1942 through 1945.

Since the end of Korean War the mission of the 728th has been to provide Military Police support to the American troops around the Republic of Korea and to maintain order in the assigned area.

[2] On 21 October 2004, two platoons of the 728th MP Battalion (approximately 70 personnel) deployed to Iraq in support of the United States mission in the Iraqi War.

Prior to their departure, the troops received two weeks of Iraq-specific combat training which included how to deal with roadside bombs and other improvised explosive devices; and information on the culture and peoples of Iraq.

"This redeployment does not represent the start of a trend of sending soldiers from the peninsula [of South Korea] to Southwest Asia", Maj. Kate Johnson, an 8th U.S. Army spokeswoman in Seoul, stated.

[3] However, in June 2006 the entire 57th MP Co deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, forth and fifth wave to Baghdad, Iraq.