The 8mm Roth–Steyr is a military centerfire pistol cartridge adopted by the Austro-Hungarian cavalry in 1907 for the Repetierpistole M7—the first self-loading pistol adopted by a major military power.

The cartridge was a proprietary 8x18mm round,[2] which headspaces on the mouth of the case.

Ammunition was typically packaged in a unique ten-round charger, whose use was (and is) unfamiliar to users of other guns.

[2] Austrian military production contained greased un-plated steel-jacketed bullets.

A few private firms in Austria manufactured ammunition with cupro-nickel-jacketed bullets.