Albert Richard Diebold Jr. (January 20, 1934 - 1 March 2014) was an American linguistic anthropologist who was Professor of Anthropology at the University of Arizona.

Diebold joined the University of Arizona in 1974, where he retired as Professor Emeritus of Anthropology in 1992.

[4] His The Evolution of Indo-European Nomenclature for Salmonid Fish (1985) is credited with having solved the salmon problem and having firmly shown that the linguistic evidence supports the Kurgan hypothesis, which argues in favor of a Proto-Indo-European homeland located on the Pontic–Caspian steppe.

Diebold founded and directed the Salus Mundi Foundation, which funded research on Indo-European studies.

[1] The Diebold Professor of Comparative Philology at Oxford University is named after him.