A Plebe was an anarchist and anticlerical periodical published in Brazil by Fábio Lopes dos Santos Luz and Edgard Leuenroth, first released on January 9, 1917, until 1951, with some interruptions.
[2] Founded on the strength of the libertarian currents that were emerging among the workers of the time, the newspaper A Plebe was created during a period of strong manifestations and political fights that took place in the streets of São Paulo.
The pages highlighted the problems that the proletarians faced every day, criticizing, not always in a subtle way, the capitalist system in which they lived, the upper middle class and, of course, the Catholic Church, which in the newspaper's conception, instigated the attitudes of the elite.
[5] Despite its end in 1951, A Plebe carries a symbolic influence on a large part of society, since, through its printed publications, it represented a social group that needed a support to stimulate and strengthen workers in the struggle for their interests.
To avoid leaving the journal without publications, Florentino de Carvalho, one of the anarchists who collaborated for the A Plebe, carried on the flow period, but, of course, hiding by pseudonyms and subtle criticism of the State.
[7] After almost four years, in 1921, the owner reopened the newsroom and the flow of publications returned to normal, but in July 1924, when a state of siege was decreed in Brazil, the A Plebe ceased to be published again.
Regardless of this instability, during the 1930s, the newspaper focused on the dissemination of anti-fascist content, mentioning names of governments, movements, churches and also reporting meetings held by the Center for Social Culture (CCS).
In 1934, as proof of the allegations that occurred at the time, the A Plebe published a copy that directly accused the government of Getúlio Vargas, together with the Catholic Church, of being and applying Nazi-fascist concepts.
[9] With the approach of two major conservative forces - the integralist movement and the Catholic Church - several militants who considered themselves anarchists began to join the National Liberation Alliance (ANL), despite the fact that the political actions it recommended and followed were not 100% accepted by its members.
[4] To do this, the editor-owner needed the help of some collaborators, such as Liberto Lemos Reis and Lucca Gabriel, young people who were already involved in militancy and articulated to the CCS.
[1] Since its creation, the A Plebe has always been focused on creating content that addressed and supported proletarian libertarian movements, giving voice to the demands of the people that were considered invisible or less important to the government.
The speeches were composed of literary texts, experimental reports and content aimed at offering an analysis beyond morality that dealt with troubled subjects as something to be clarified and discussed.
In the material released, Costa said that those involved had been arrested on charges of two crimes under the French Penal Code: provocation of abortion and mutilation of genital organs.
In some of the journal's publications, journalists reported on the entire dominant and exploitative structure created by the government, telling of its aims to indoctrinate children to occupy their "already predetermined" places.