Caldwell begun running at five years old, and steadily improved as a junior, coached by Gavin Burren since age 13.

[2] In 2022, aged 20, Caldwell won the Australian national title in the 1500 metres ahead of Olympic finalist Linden Hall.

[3] In February 2023 at the World Athletics Cross Country Championships, held in Australia, Caldwell anchored the mixed relay, alongside Oliver Hoare, Jessica Hull and Stewart McSweyn, to win another bronze medal.

[6][7] In April 2024, she won silver in the Australian Athletics Championships 800 metres race.

[8] She competed in the 800 metres at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris in August 2024, where she reached the semi-finals.