Aberrant decoding

[1] Every communication act requires that the messages must be encoded into a set of signs by the sender.

Often the sender has a certain meaning to convey with his message, hoping the receiver will interpret it correctly.

[3] According to Eco, aberrant decodings were rare in pre-industrial societies, when most communication occurred between people who shared the same culture.

[4] John Fiske has argued that aberrant decoding occurs mainly with iconic codes, referring to visual messages.

Thus, if we accept Abercrombie's claim, we can argue that our modern culture, where we value living animals and only rarely encounter dead ones, has led us to aberrant decoding of the paintings.