Abrasive machining processes can be divided into two categories based on how the grains are applied to the workpiece.
In bonded abrasive processes, the particles are held together within a matrix, and their combined shape determines the geometry of the finished workpiece.
Since the grains can move independently, they must be forced into the workpiece with another object like a polishing cloth or a lapping plate.
For abrasive grains to effectively cut, they must be significantly harder than the workpiece material.
They can be grouped based on their hardness into two categories: conventional abrasives and superabrasives.