[5] At the time of his birth the ulus of Shiban had divided into separate nomadic groups, one of which was led by Jumaduq Khan.

[3] After being released in 1428, Abu'l-Khayr began consolidating various nomadic groups of the old Shaybani ulus in the area around Tyumen and the Tura River.

[3] Abu'l-Khayr Khan was assisted in his consolidation by the Manghits,[7] another tribe in the White Horde, and especially by Vaqqāṣ Bej, Edigü's grandson.

[3] Starting in 1446 Abu'l-Khayr and his forces invaded the Syr Darya region, eventually wresting some lands from Timurid control.

[3] After Abu'l-Khayr Khan's death two separate lines of descent controlled the twin Uzbek states of Mawara al-Nahr and Khwarezm.

[4] In the first decade of the 16th century his grandson Muhammad Shaybani finally succeeded in the unification of the Uzbeks and established the short-lived Shaybanid Empire, centered in Samarkand.