Abu Esmail Moayed-o-din Togharayi

Abu Esmail Moayed-o-din Hosein-ebn-e-ali Esfahani Togharayi (Persian: ابواسماعیل موید الدین حسین ابن علی اصفهانی طغرایی) was a Persian poet and scholar of the Seljuq period.

He had mastered all sciences of his time, and he also wrote some books about alchemy, such as: He also participated in political works and became the minister of Masoud-ebn-Mohamad Malek Shah.

Togharayi wrote a book of poems, the best known of which is Lamiyat al-Ajam (لامیة العجم) (L-song of the non-Arabs).

Togharayi wrote Lamiyyat al-Ajam as a response to the celebrated pre-Islamic poem Lāmiyyāt al-‘Arab (L-song of the Arabs).

Lamiyyat al-Ajam was later the subject of an encyclopedic 14th-century commentary by Al-Safadi, entitled Al-Ghayth al-Musajam fi Sharh Lamiyyat-Ajam (Flowing Desert Rains in the Commentary upon the L-Poem of the Non-Arabs).