Academic ranks in Italy

Academic ranks in Italy are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia.

Faculty (all these positions are tenured or tenure-track): Non-faculty and temporary: Notice that as of January 2011, some changes have been introduced in the above system, in particular faculties have been abolished in all Italian state universities substituted by larger departments in charge of both teaching and research.

Therefore, the role of the "Preside", that used to be the head of the faculty, is now extinguished.

In Italian universities the role of "Professore a contratto" (literally "Contract Professor") is paid at the end of the academic year nearly €3000 for the entire academic year, without salary during the academic year.

Faculty may hold a PhD (not existent before the Bologna process) and can be (in ascending order):