Acadian architecture

[11] The most prevalent architectural style was a piece-sur-piece construction, wherein squared wood pieces were joined using dovetail joints, a technique derived from American influences.

[17] A loft, accessible via a ladder or occasionally a notched post, served as a storage area for hay and tools and, on occasion,[14] as a boys' bedroom.

[18] Two characteristics emerged during this period to define Acadian houses:[19] the headwall in the façade, which was one to one and a half meters high between the ground-floor windows and the cornice, and the gently sloping gable roof.

[25] They constructed temporary shelters, supported by poles planted in the ground (techniques of poteau-sur-sole or poteau en terre), with roofs covered in palm leaves.

[25] The second generation of houses was generally of the pieux debout type, with cypress planks installed vertically in a trench, while the roof was French-inspired and covered with bark.

This addition took the form of a lean-to, created by extending the rear roof of the house, with the wimperg over the extension while maintaining a straight slope on the opposite side.

The rise in living standards during the 19th century led to an increase in the size and embellishment of houses, which were frequently constructed in the Neo-Grec or Second Empire style.

Due to the scarcity of available stones in the soil, Marquis de Pérusse conceived the idea of utilizing the distinctive earth of the Archigny-La Puye plateau, known as bornais.

[42] The Acadian Renaissance, which spanned from 1840 to 1880, was marked by the opening of Collège Saint-Joseph, the election of Amand Landry, and the founding of the newspaper Le Moniteur Acadien.

While traditional architecture did not disappear entirely, with the continued use of cedar shingles and galleries, houses were now heavily influenced by fashionable styles in the United States and marked by their eclecticism.

[48] American colonial-style houses were built towards the end of the century, characterized by their hip roofs, large size, symmetrical fenestration, and two-story square plan.

[52] The house built by the Olivier-Maximin Melanson family in Shediac in 1898 is characteristic of the style, featuring a truncated roof, a veranda on two sides, an octagonal tower, and projecting bays.

[17] In response to the economic downturn of the Great Depression, villages such as Allardville were founded, where settlers relocated on foot with their tools and initially constructed branch shelters, subsequently erecting simple plank houses.

Constructed in 1824, the building displays a fusion of Gothic, Neo-Gothic, Neo-Renaissance, and classical elements, foreshadowing the architectural trends that would emerge in subsequent decades.

The Intercolonial Railway, and subsequently the Canadian National, designed its stations in its Moncton offices, with the participation of some Acadian architects, including Albert Sincennes.

The majority of impoverished villages witnessed the construction of larger residences, while older one- or two-room houses were either enlarged or converted into sheds.

The Acadie Place in Caraquet, constructed in 1978 to serve as the headquarters of UNI Financial Cooperation, stands in stark contrast to its rural surroundings, featuring expansive horizontal lines, brown brick walls, and skylights.

The church was nicknamed the "Sistine Chapel of New Brunswick" due to its numerous artworks, including 48 iconographic frescoes by Édouard Gautreau, a Murano chandelier, and sculptures by Léon Léger.

[2] Excavations are currently underway at the Grand-Pré National Historic Site, to uncover the ruins of Saint-Charles-des-Mines Church to gain a deeper understanding of both the deportation and the architecture of that period.

In 1976, the Canadian Encyclopedia Association (CEA) announced a comprehensive study on the subject, but the project was ultimately canceled in 1978 due to a lack of funding.

The Acadian Village of Van Buren, Maine, also opened in 1976, featuring a train station, church, forge, school, and general store.

The buildings' simple forms, wooden framework, exterior walls paneled with boards or shingles, and mullioned windows are inspired by rural architecture in New Brunswick.

This architectural style was employed for a variety of purposes, including the storage of Indian corn in Louisiana, the construction of animal shelters in Saint-Théophile, and the establishment of lumberjack camps in New Brunswick and in Matapedia and Bonaventure.

This way of life lasted until the early 20th century and was observed mainly in Quebec between Natashquan and Blanc-Sablon and in northern New Brunswick,[90] where the village of Maisonnette is said to have been named for this reason.

[89] Windbreaks, fences constructed of stakes approximately 3.6 meters in height, are employed to safeguard residences and, on occasion, agricultural lands from offshore winds.

Only a few of his works survive, but he is credited with one of the greatest achievements of the 19th century in New Brunswick:[98] the Sacred Heart Chapel of the Immaculate Conception Convent in Bouctouche.

This structure incorporates elements of Neo-Gothic, Tudor Revival, and Queen Anne styles, reflecting Roy's aspiration to establish a novel architectural idiom for a nascent business enterprise.

[101] Pierre Gallant, born in 1949 in Moncton and a graduate of the Technical University of Nova Scotia, is the architect responsible for several significant buildings in the city, including the National Bank and the Farmers' Market.

Elide Albert, born in 1939 in Caraquet and a graduate of St. Joseph College and the University of Montreal, is the author of the Bouctouche Dune Eco-park and contributed to the design of Pays de la Sagouine.

[104] A custom observed by Quebec Acadians involved the father installing a milestone made of various objects and buried coins in the presence of a young child.