Acanthodraco is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes, its only species is DeWitt's dragonfish (Acanthodraco dewitti).

[2] The genus name is a compound of acanthus, which means "thorn" or "spine" alluding to the higher number spines on the operculum than related genera, and draco Meaning "dragon", a common suffix in the scientific names of notothenioid fishes.

The specific name honours the American ichthyologist Hugh Hamilton DeWitt, a renowned worker on notothenioid fishes.

[1] A. dewitti probably has a Circumpolar distribution around the Antarctic and is replaced in the seas around South Georgia by the similar Psilodraco breviceps.

This alongside the presence of postlarvae in Terra Nova Bay suggest this species spawns in the Ross Sea.