The action of 5 September 1782 took place during the American War of Independence between two French Navy frigates, Aigle and Gloire, and a lone British 74-gun ship of the line HMS Hector.

The Franco-American alliance in the American War of Independence, resulted in France providing a considerable contribution to the naval operations in the conflict.

France and Britain fought to control shipping lanes and supply their side on the American continent, while conducting support operations and landings.

In consequence, both sides often used warships as transports to ferry ammunition and other supplies, troops, funds, and officials; these might only be armed en flûte, depending on their cargo.

[5] In the night of 4 September 1782, at 135 leagues east of Long Island, Aigle and Gloire spotted a large ship sailing on a starboard tack under west winds, on a parallel course to theirs.

Instead of imitating this manoeuvre, Gloire, fearing to expose her stern to the unknown ship, ran downwind and fired a broadside.

[9] Latouche continued his mission and the French vessels successfully landed their passengers and funds in spite of British opposition.