Adam Mabane (c. 1734 – January 3, 1792) was a physician, judge and political figure in the early Province of Quebec.
He was a surgeon's assistant in the British army led by Amherst and came to Quebec in 1760.
Mabane served at the military hospital in the town of Quebec and also set up in private practice as a doctor there.
After Peter Livius was dismissed from office as Chief Justice of Quebec in 1786, Mabane assumed many of the duties associated with that position.
Although the Legislative Council supported the introduction of habeas corpus for criminal cases in 1784, Mabane and the French party opposed the introduction of the principles of English civil law into the province, seeing this as contrary to the Quebec Act.