He began his senior career with Bohemians 1905 in 2013, then in the Czech National Football League.

[3] On 8 January 2024, Vlkanova joined Polish Ekstraklasa club Ruch Chorzów on a half-year loan deal, with an option to make the move permanent.

[4] He scored his first goal for the club in the 93rd minute of a 0–2 away win over Radomiak Radom on 13 May 2024,[5] one day after Ruch's relegation to the I liga was confirmed.

[9] He made his debut on 9 June 2022 in a UEFA Nations League game against Portugal.

[10] Vlkanova was attacked by an unknown assailant in September 2016 and suffered a broken cervical vertebrae, keeping him out from playing football for a month.