Metailurus kansensis (Hibbard, 1934) sensu Andersson & Werdelin, 2005 Adelphailurus is an extinct genus of metailurin machairodontine (saber-toothed) cat that inhabited western North America during the middle Pliocene.

[1][2] The holotype and only specimen, KUMVP 3462, was collected by H. T. Martin from near the base of the Ogallala Formation in Sherman County, Kansas, in the summer of 1924.

However, it was not described until 1934 when paleontologist Claude W. Hibbard erected the new genus and species Adelphailurus kansensis for the specimen.

[1] The holotype of Adelphailurus kansensis consists of the anterior portion of a skull with nearly perfect dentition on both the maxillaries and premaxillaries.

Hibbard stated that the living cat would have a relatively broad skull with large canines.