[1] The direct-controlled Mongols (Chinese: 內屬蒙古) were banners (khoshuu) controlled by provinces, generals and ambasa.
The following regions were directly controlled by the Manchu: Inner Mongolia's[2] original 24 aimags (ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ) were replaced by 49 banners (khoshuus) that would later be organized into six leagues (chuulgans, assemblies).
Each aimag had a chigulgan, usually named after the place (mountains or rivers) where it convened.
The aimags were divided into banners - whose number increased from originally eight eventually to 86—and further into sums.
[3] A sum consisted of 150 men fit for military service, a bag of 50.