Gustav Adolf Schöll (2 September 1805 – 26 May 1882) was a German art historian, archaeologist and classical philologist.

In June 1837 he was appointed professor of rhetoric, classical philology, aesthetics and art history at the University of Dorpat.

In 1839/40, with Karl Otfried Müller, he participated in a study trip to Italy and Greece.

In 1842, he was named an associate professor of archaeology at the University of Halle and, the following year, became Director of the Grand Ducal art collections and the Weimar Princely Free Drawing School in Weimar.

In 1861, he was appointed head of the Grand Ducal Library and retired from his position at the drawing school.