Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980

Provides coverage for such child up to age 18 under titles XIX (Medicaid) and XX (Grants to States for Services) of the Act.

Requires a State, under part A of Title IV, to have in effect a foster care and adoption assistance plan as provided for in this Act.

Requires States, in order to be eligible for certain additional allotments under part B, to: (1) determine the appropriateness of, and necessity for, a child's current foster placement; and (2) implement a statewide information system on children in foster care, a care review system for each child, and a program to help children return to their families.

Authorizes the Secretary to make payments under part B directly to an Indian tribal organization within a State which has an approved plan for child welfare services.

Directs that such funds shall be used, to the maximum extent feasible, to increase the employment of welfare recipients and other low-income persons in jobs related to the provision of child day care services.

Permits expenditures for the provision of emergency shelter, for not in excess of 30 days in any six-month period, provided as a protective service to an adult in danger of physical or mental injury, neglect, maltreatment, or exploitation, effective October 1, 1979.

Makes permanent the reimbursement provisions of title XX related to the costs of hiring welfare recipients in child care jobs.

Amends title IV, part D (Child Support and Establishment of Paternity) of the Social Security Act to make permanent the authority for 75 percent Federal matching of State costs for providing services to families, not on welfare in assisting them to obtain child support payments from absent parents.

Amends part A (General Provisions) of title XI of such Act to make permanent provisions which provide for a temporary increase in the ceiling on Federal funds to Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam for public assistance payments under specified programs of the Social Security Act.

Permits those individuals who elect the higher benefits to remain eligible for assistance under such programs of the Social Security Act and for Medicaid.