Born in Barão de Grajaú, Maranhão, Adryelson joined Sport Recife's youth setup in 2011, aged 13.

[1] He made his first team debut on 5 April 2015, coming on as a second-half substitute for Henrique Mattos in a 1–1 Campeonato Pernambucano home draw against Santa Cruz.

[5] On 24 May 2021, after already establishing himself as a regular starter, Adryelson further extended his contract until June 2023, and was loaned to Emirati club Al-Wasl for one year.

[6] Upon returning in June 2022, he took a legal action against Sport due to unpaid wages,[7] and was allowed to leave the club for free on 11 July of that year.

[16] In October 2023, Adryelson was called up to the Brazil national team for a FIFA World Cup qualifier against Uruguay, replacing the injured Nino.