Afanasy Petrovich Shilin (Russian: Афанасий Петрович Шилин; 1 September 1924 – 22 May 1982) was an artillery officer who was twice awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for actions in the Battle of the Dnieper and the Vistula-Oder Offensive.

When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941 he requested to join the military, but was initially rejected for being too young.

He crossed the Dnieper on the night of 27 October 1943 to establish a bridgehead on Khortytsia, killing seven enemy soldiers in a trench with hands grenades and machine-gun fire.

When the counterattack began at dawn he was put under heavy artillery fire that eventually took out his radio, but he made a trip across the river to fetch a new one.

He was withdrawn from combat during the battle for the Magnushevskom bridgehead after he was badly wounded in the chest after throwing grenades into an embrasure 15 January 1945.